Professional Issues Are Ethical Guidelines â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Professional Issues Are Ethical Guidelines? Answer: Introduction Professional issues are ethical guidelines or code of conducts that governs how individuals discharge their duties in their different professions or areas of expertise (Babcock, 2008). This document entails a thorough analysis of professional issues in computing based on a given scenario carried out by our team. Having studied the scenario which includes all the activities carried out in various computing environment given as well as how different employees reacts or behave in different situations (Bott, 2010). This therefore will provide guidance in deducing some of the issues such as legal issues, employment and social issues, personal issues, professional issues and intrinsic issues related to Hullaballoo.com and Jimmys experience on different work environment (Drevin, 2009). A thorough prioritization factors is also provided, how they made their decision as well as a thorough discussion and a conclusion on the professional issues based on the findings (Artinian, 2010). . Analysis The professional issues are analyzed below as per the Jimmys scenario. Legal factors Ignorance of international laws Hullabaloo.com where Jimmy secures his first job has its website registered and hosted in the country that do not recognise (SVANTESSON, 2017). Information Theft Jimmys CEO want him to steal his former employers IT project pricing strategy. This is unlawful and unethical since it breaches Jimmys former employer information confidentiality and ownership. Below standard services Jimmy realises after sometime that the journalist at Hullabaloo have low standards. That is, they publish stories without verifying the facts and they go to extent of publishing fake news as bait to attract more readers. This is a breach of code of ethics and laws that govern business quality (Amarakoon, 2016). Professional factors Integrity The integrity of the news provided by hullabaloo is compromised since they propagate false and fake news in favour of their clients. They are paid to post positive news about their clients and negative about their clients competitors (liverpool, 2014). Confidentiality .Peoples demographic details stored in the Reaper database is not treated as confidential and the information is distributed to other parties without the owners consent. Misuse of peoples information Subscribers information is used over and over and even sold to other third parties contrary to what the information was initially intended for (Feretic, 2011). Employment and Social factors Work Experience Jimmy finds another job with an ecommerce company based on his home city. He is given the job on the basis of his experience with hullabaloos reaper data collection project. Above average pay Jimmy was pay was above average for a 25 hours commitment by working virtually at hullabaloo. Deception Hullabaloo asked for more information from people for newsletter subscription and then went ahead to trick them to accept a 2000 words legal document to give hullabaloo right to sell their information to third parties. This is unethical. Personal factors Leaders position After getting another job at Ecommerce Company, jimmy sees an opportunity to become a team leader after his boss Alec Smith quits. Firm in his decision Even after Alec held a closed meeting with jimmy to cancel Dev A performance review, Jimmy refuses the requests. Vengeance Alec provided a bad report about Jimmy which led to his interview being cancelled. Intrinsic factors Degree in IT Jimmy is a graduate of Griffith University IT as a web developer and this helped hi secure a job at hullabaloo. Team Leader Jimmy was confirmed team leader by the directors at Ecommerce Company after his boss Alec Smith left suddenly. Responsible Jimmy replaces Dev A after realizing he was incompetent and was performing poorly.. Self-conscious Jimmy raises concerns with his boss at hullabaloo about the demographic information stored in the reaper database and then sold to third parties without the owners consent. Prioritisation Prioritization of professional issues as obtained from the scenario is depicted in the table below. Factor Related Issue 1 Lack of international laws (Legal) The country where hullabaloo website is registered and hosted does not recognise international laws. 2 Information Theft (Legal) The suggestion by Jimmys CEO to steal his former boss pricing strategy for IT systems. 3 Bribery for published information (Legal and Professional) Clients pay Hullabaloo to post information that favour them and demean their competitors. 4 Below Standard Services (Legal and Professional) Journalistic at hullabaloo are of low standards and non-factual. 5 Information Integrity (Professional, Employment and social) Publishing of fake news by hullabaloo in favour of clients. 6 Confidentiality (Professional) Demographic information are sold to third parties without their consent. 7 Deception (Employment and Social) More information for a simple newsletter which is the used for sale to third parties by hullabaloo. 8 Work Experience (employment and social) Jimmy is employed on the basis of his experience with the Reaper data collection project. 9 Above average pay (Employment and social) Jimmys pay is above average for 25 hours every week. 10 Code of Ethics (Personal and Legal) Jimmy developed a website to deliver fake news. 11 Leaders position (Personal and Intrinsic) Jimmy saw an opportunity to become a team leader after Alec Smith left. 12 Vengeance (Personal) Alec Gives a bad report about Jimmy and Jimmys interview is cancelled. 13 Self-conscious (Intrinsic) Jimmy raises concerns with his boss at hullabaloo about the demographic information stored in the reaper database and then sold to third parties without owners consent 14 Responsible (Intrinsic) Replaces Incompetent Dev A and orders for his performance review. 15 Degree in IT (Intrinsic) Jimmy is a graduate of Griffith University IT Table 1: Priority List Decision Decision to prioritize the issues as shown above based on the importance and weight that each factor carries as depicted in the scenario. From the scenario, Hullabaloo where Jimmy secures his first job has its business registered and operating on a country that does not observe international laws that govern such business. This lawlessness lead to other professional issues encounter by jimmy such as misuse of information, deception, bribery, low standards, lack of integrity among others (Computing, 2015). Therefore, legal factors are more important since they dictate how people will conduct their businesses professionally and also observe employment and social factors, personal and intrinsic factors respectively. Professional factors depends on the international laws, Employment and Social factors on the other hand relies on the professional factors and then the employment and social factors defines how personal and intrinsic factors would be. Legal Factors Under this lack of international law is given the first priority (Law, 2017). Hullabaloo has their website registered and hosted in a country which does not recognise international laws governing matter such as privacy protection and censorship. This is the ignorance of high order since these laws are there and are being implemented by other countries. The fact that hullabaloo has gone ahead to have their business registered with this country, shows that the company does not care on the integrity and privacy of peoples information. Secondly information theft is a concern. When the CEO asks Jimmy to provide them with the pricing strategy of his former boss violates the ownership right or intellectual property of the information. Another thing is the fact that Hullabaloo clients pay so that the company can publish news that favour them but demean their competitors. This is a form of bribery which is illegal and unethical in nature. Professional Factors First there is an integrity issue where hullabaloo publishes fake news that are not supported by any facts. This compromises the professional integrity of the information provided by hullabaloo since there are reliable sources or supporting content to validate the news. Another thing is about the confidentiality of the information provide by those subscribing for newsletter. Hullabaloo goes ahead to share and even sell these information third parties without the consent of the subscribers. This is unethical behavior and violates professional confidentiality (essays, 2016). Employment and social Deception is one issue that is highly witnessed. Hullabaloo asks for more information than it is required for newsletter subscription and then goes ahead to trick subscribers to accept 2000 words legal document which gives hullabaloo right to sell the information. Though this might be legal, it is unethical since it does not give the subscribers an option to subscribe for newsletter without accepting the terms and condition laid. This is a deception of a high order and violates the freedom of the subscribers. Work experience is another issue. Jimmy is employed at Ecommerce Company out of his experience with the reaper data collection project despite the project having built on fake news and deception. Also Jimmy was paid above average in 25 hours of working in a week since the project he was working on was so valuable to hullabaloo as it was to be used to deliver fake news (Gulbahar, 2008). Personal Factors Code of Ethics is an issue observed under personal factors in the scenario (Babcock, 2008). Despite the fact that Jimmy realized that the information published by Hullabaloo was fake and non-factual, Jimmy went ahead to develop the website for the company. This compromised Jimmys integrity as a person. Thus, making him engage in unethical behavior contrary to his profession. Another personal issue is leadership position. Jimmy was able to see a leadership opportunity immediately after Alec Smith left. He stepped up and carried out his former boss duties and later was given the team leader role. Another issue involves vengeance, as portrayed by Alec towards Jimmy is unethical. Intrinsic Factors Jimmy was a graduate of Griffith University with a degree in IT. He had skills in Web development and this made him secure his first job with hullabaloo. He was also a self-conscious person. He portrayed this when he realized that subscribers information being misused by misleading them to accept terms and condition that gave hullabaloo right to sell their details without their consent. This prompted him raising concerns about it to his boss. He later get another job at Ecommerce Company where he sees an opportunity to become a team leader and goes for it. Being a responsible and competent person he replaces Dev A in his team who was incompetent with another person. Then later carries a performance review on Dev A despite being asked to cancel by Ale, his former boss. Conclusion In conclusion it is evident that there are so many ethical factors that come to play in the whole scenario involving Jimmy experience after graduating and securing his first job at hullabaloo. These ethical issues range from legal issues, professional issues, employment and social issues, personal and intrinsic issues (Chen, 2012). These professional issues affect individuals as well as society at larg Reference Amarakoon, R. (2016). Social and Professional issues in IT. Sri Lanka: Slideshare. Artinian, C. J. (2010). CODE OF ETHICS. Chicago,: MORTON'S RESTAURANT GROUP, INC. Babcock, D. D. (2008). Social and Professional Issues in Computing. penyslavia: York University of pennyslavania . Bott, F. (2010, May 20). Professional Issues in Information Technology. Retrieved August 8, 2017, from IT Governance: https://www.itgovernance.co.uk/shop/product/professional-issues-in-information-technology Chen, W. (2012). "Extrinsic and intrinsic barriers in the use of ICT in teaching". Wellington: Ascilite. Computing, A. o. (2015, May 4). Academic accreditation. Retrieved August 16, 2017, from Academy of Computing: https://academy.bcs.org/content/legal-social-ethical-professional-issues-lsepi Drevin, L. (2009). Social, Legal and Professional Issues of Computing. In L. Drevin, contents and ethical awareness (pp. 3-5). London: North-West University. essays, U. (2016, June 19). Essays. Retrieved August 16, 2017, from UKEssays: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/nursing/legal-ethical-professional.php Feretic, E. (2011). Business Intelligence. The Use and Misuse of Information , 1-5. Gulbahar, Y. (2008). Educational Technology and society. In Y. Gulbahar, Survey on ICT Usage and the Perceptions of Social Studies Teachers in Turkey (pp. 37-51). Law, W. C. (2017). Online Certificate in International Communication Regulation and Policy . Washington: Washington College of Law. liverpool, U. o. (2014, November 5). techtarget. Retrieved August 17, 2017, from What is: https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Confidentiality-integrity-and-availability-CIA SVANTESSON, D. J. (2017). THE DIVERSITY OF INTERNATIONAL LAWS. Stockholm: The Masaryk University.

Adams Letters and Their Influence From History free essay sample

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense and the convening of the second Continental Congress to discuss the Declaration of Independence epitomize the thinking of the age of enlightenment and forever changed the lives of everyone living in the colonies, including John and Abigail Adams.   Paine’s Common Sense spoke of the rights of man and the need for the people of the colonies to be free and declare independence from their tyrannical owner. The second Continental Congress was debating that very issue: whether or not the colonies should break away from their parent country and fight for their freedom.   Both of these events deal with the rights of men and do not define women as individuals.   The tyrannical control England held over the colonies is similar to the position that men held over women and Common Sense outlines this relationship and the need for America to break free. The age of enlightenment in the 1700s broadened the minds of Europeans and provoked questions and ideas on subjects previously attributed to divine grace. We will write a custom essay sample on Adams Letters and Their Influence From History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page    Voltaire and Montesquieu wrote works such as â€Å"Universal Man† and The Spirit of Laws, which questioned authority. This encouraged the colonies across the Atlantic to begin to stand up for their own rights against their British rulers.   The most famous philosopher of this time, Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote about man’s place in Social Contract, wherein he said man was born free and he questioned why they should be enslaved.   It was during this period that man broke with the thought that events were divinely prophesied but they were victims of logic, including the divine province of the king who was ordained to rule. Rousseau’s philosophy influenced Thomas Paine, an Englander who came to the colonies and proceeded to write the most popular, highest selling book in the nation’s history, Common Sense.   The booklet went into its twenty-sixth printing within the first year.   Common Sense outlined to the citizens of the colonies the inevitability to declare independence. One of the main components of Paine’s argument was that if England was the mother of the colonies, how could a mother treat her â€Å"child† that way – disproportionate taxes, military rule and unfair management.   Britain ruled the colonies in the best interest of Britain instead of what was best for the colonies.   The crux of Paine’s argument was that England was too far away to properly govern the colonies and treated them unfairly. Common Sense was pushing for pure democracy where every American would have a voice. Paine wrote Common Sense after the American Revolution had started and the second Continental Congress had convened to discuss independence.   Called together in May of 1775, and after a year of debate, in May of 1776, Congress had persuaded each colony to approve a proclamation of independence.   The attendees of the Continental Congress were appointed by their respective governments and were highly respected in their field. After Congress passed a resolution and requested that each representative obtain permission from their parent colony to approve a declaration of independence, John Adams wrote a more radical preamble to the declaration, which was adopted on May 15, around the same time that the letters were written.   It was the same day that Virginia brought forth a motion for a Declaration of Independence. While the American Revolution wanted their own rights and was working toward democracy, but it was a limited democracy as the forefathers held a fear of the common man. Both of these events inspired the letters written by John and Abigail Adams in the spring of 1776.   As Abigail implores John to â€Å"Remember the Ladies† and asks him to ensure that men are not given the same power over women that they held before.   This is similar to the colonies’ desire to break away from their mother country and the dominance of the king.   Men were tyrants to women as the king was a tyrant to the colonies. Abigail threatens a women’s rebellion to which John replies that America’s revolution has inspired many groups to rebel, but that is nothing compared to the possible uprising of women. John’s amused response is also similar to how the king responded to America’s rebellion.   John never believed that woman’s rights would prevail just as the king thought the revolution was laughable and would be quickly squelched. While Common Sense pushed for pure democracy, Adams was not inclined to agree with him.   In John Adams’ letter to James Sullivan, Adams speaks of the method of determining the vote, rejecting Sullivan’s idea of using wealth as a means of deciding who is permitted to vote.   Adams rebukes him, stating that this method would be too difficult; however, he held that opening the vote to everyone would be dangerous, unleashing the fickle whims of the â€Å"mob.†Ã‚   Adams believed there had to be some limits to who could vote and that â€Å"every man who has not a farthing, will demand an equal voice with any other.†

The Problem of Child Molestation

Introduction Many people find it hard to discuss issues related to child sex abuse. What’s more, it is even hard to admit the fact that children of all ages (including babies) are sexually molested on daily basis. Sexual abuse has become a hot topic among many communities and a number of professional programs and legislations have been drafted to address this problem.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Child Molestation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is shown by the existing body of literature that dwells on sexual abuse as well as media coverage on the same matter (American Humane Association, 2011, p.1). This paper will therefore discuss the prevalence of sexual abuse among children. It will also present statistics on the prevalence of this problem and suggest ways that parents can use to protect their children from sexual predators. Child Sexual Abuse Child sex abuse can be defined in various ways. Nonetheless, the salient feature of any child abuse is the central role of an adult who coerces a child into a sexual act. Child sexual abuse may consist of touching private parts of a child, digital penetration, vaginal intercourse and oral-genital contact. It is worthy to mention that child sexual abuse is not only limited to physical contact but also may include non-contact abuse such as child pornography, voyeurism and abuse by peers. The lack of accurate definition of what entails child sexual abuse is further hindered by inadequate statistics on cases of child abuse. Nevertheless, several healthcare professionals concur that child sexual abuse is a serious problem and merits serious attention (American Psychological association, 2011, p.2). Statistics on Child Sexual Abuse According to estimates by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, over 9.2% of substantiated or unconfirmed cases of child neglect and abuse in 2005 comprised of sexual abus e. This percentage translates into about 83,000 incidences of child sexual abuse in 2005 alone. Several studies have indicated that the prevalence of child sexual abuse is higher than the cases reported to child protection agencies. What’s more, the data available reveal that girls are more susceptible to sexual abuse incidences although the prevalence of this problem is also escalating among the boys (American Humane association, 2011, p.4).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to a report by the Georgia Department of Corrections, the number of inmates admitted at the correctional center for sexual offenses rose by over 340% between 1980 and 2006. In addition, the number of people imprisoned for child sex offenses increased by over 910% during the same period. The report states further that over 50% of the parolees, probationers as well as convicts at the facility are child sexual offenders. In 2007, the number of convicted sex offenders at the Georgia Department of Corrections (GDC) was approximately 14,250. Over 75% of these convicts were child listed as child sex offenders. The number of sex offenders in Georgia has escalated dramatically in the last 27 years. As a matter of fact, ever since GDC released its report on sex offenders in 1992, the number of child sex offenders has grown from about 5,400 to approximately 14,200 between 1992 and 2007. These figures translate to an average increase of 11% or 586 sex convictions per annum. The rapid increase in the number of sex offenders is mainly attributed to the rising number of inmates admitted at the center for child sex offenses (Georgia Department of Corrections, 2007, p.2). As a matter of fact, the number of child sex offenders admitted in prison between 1980 and 2006 increased at an average rate of 35% per annum compared to 3% for other sex offenders during the same period. This rapid growt h can be explained in part by a nationwide crackdown carried out in 1970s on sexual offenders. During this period, parents were encouraged to discuss about improper touches with their children and persuade them to report incidences of sexual abuses. In addition, the government introduced several legislative reforms to enable parents as well as victims report incidences of sexual abuses (Georgia Department of Corrections, 2007, p.2). Effects of Child Sex Abuse Negative Effects on the Child The effects of sexual abuse on children can be long-term and in some cases, may even go beyond childhood. Sexual abuse denies a child his/her childhood and leads to self-abusive behaviors, feelings of resentment and loss of trust. In worst cases, sexual abuse may lead to suicide. In addition, sexual abuse produces depression, antisocial behavior, loss of self respect and other emotional problems.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Child Molestation specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What’s more, victims of sexual abuse may experience hardships during their intimate relationships in their future lives. In nutshell, the negative effects of sexual abuse on children are diverse. There is no single set of outcomes or symptoms that a victim may experience. In some cases, the victim may even fail to experience any psychological pain as a result of the abuse. Nonetheless, the victim may experience self-denial as a coping mechanism or may feel afraid to express his/her real feelings. Some victims of sex abuse may experience what is known as sleeper effects. This implies that they may not experience any short-term emotional pain but are likely to encounter problems later on in their adulthood (American Psychological association, 2011, p.9). There is no doubt that the effects of child sex abuse are dire. Sexual abuse of children is morally and ethically wrong (American Humane association, 2011, p.4) . Negative Effects on Families There is no doubt that child sex abuse may negatively affect family relationships. In spite of the fact that child sex abuse may emerge from negative family dynamics, it can also easily generate or aggravate negative family relations or roles. Majority of literature usually cite the family secret implicit in many cases of incest. When a child is sexually abused by a family member, he/she can either withdraw from family relations or turn out to be sufficiently suggestive that his/her upsets the family relations. Many experts on family matters have also suggested that normal family relationships and roles are often disrupted by sexual exploitation (Briere Elliott, 1993, p.285). According to Briere and Elliot, family relations are likely to experience divided loyalty when a child is sexual exploited by a family member (1993, 285). When such crime is disclosed, the sexual offender may respond to the accusations with hostility, denial and defensiveness aga inst the victim and any other family member who support the child. In some cases, the sexual offender can take advantage of family ties to challenge claims made by the sexually molested child. In addition, the mother of the sexually molested child may air her concerns in a protective manner although some may even refute the sexual abuse, or blame the child (Briere Elliott, 1993, p.285).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Preventions Children who are victims of sexual abuse usually show signs of behavioral changes according to their ages. It is thus imperative that parents learn to identify these signs and symptoms. For example, some of the signs exhibited by children aged below three years include: vomiting; sleep interruptions; feeding problems; excessive crying; and failure to prosper. Symptoms of sexual abuse for children aged between two and nine years, may include: extreme masturbation; eating disorders; withdrawal from family unit; feelings of guilt; and victimization of others. Signs of sexual abuse among older children include: promiscuity; depression; aggression; suicidal gestures; eating disorders; running away from home; poor academic performance; and sleeping disorders (The National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2010, p.1). It is thus imperative that parents educate their children on appropriate sexual behaviors and encourage them to report anyone who attempts to touch their private pa rts. They must also provide adequate supervision for their children and only leave them under the care of persons they trust (American Psychological association, 2011, p.9). Penalties for Sexual Offenders There are several stiff laws enacted to deal with sexual offenders in the United States. For example, in 1995, lawmakers in Georgia passed the senate bill (SB 411) which is also known as the seven deadly sins law. The new law imposes a compulsory minimum sentence of 10 years in prison (without a possibility of parole) for child sex offenders and a life sentence for repeat offenders. Since SB 411 was enacted, the average prison sentence for first-time offenders increased from 12 years to about 18 years. Prior to 1996, child sex offenders served only 60% of their sentence. However, they now serve an average of 95% of their sentence (Georgia Department of Corrections, 2007, p.2). Conclusion Although there is no clear definition of what constitutes child sex abuse, many healthcare expe rts concur that child sex abuse is now a prevalent problem. Victims of sexual abuse may experience short-term and long-term negative effects as a result of sexual molestation. It is thus imperative that parents teach their children about appropriate sexual behaviors and encourage them to report incidences of sexual abuse. There is no doubt that cases of child sex abuse are on the rise. Nonetheless several strict laws have been enacted to punish sexual offenders. References American Humane Association. (2011). Child Sexual Abuse. Web. American Psychological Association. (2011). Understanding Child Sexual Abuse: Education, Prevention and Recovery. Web. Briere, J., Elliott, D.M. (1993). Sexual Abuse, Family Environment and Psychological Symptoms: On the Validity of Statistical Control. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(2), 284-288. Georgia Department of Corrections. (2007). Offenders in Georgia: Child Sex Offenders. Web. The National Child Traumatic Stress Network. (20 10). Child Sexual Abuse Fact Sheet. Web. This essay on The Problem of Child Molestation was written and submitted by user Kamden Sullivan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sample Student Compare and Contrast in Class Essay

Sample Student Compare and Contrast in Class EssayAre you having trouble preparing a sample student compare and contrast in class essay that will be an effective tool for your writing? You don't have to worry because this is an easy task and one that will help you make a statement about yourself.You need to decide on how you want your students to approach the study of their particular subject. You will be working with them for the entire semester, so you need to make sure they are not bored. This means that you will need to produce interesting and relevant examples of their writing. You can't do this without using a sample student compare and contrast in class essay.After you have created an outline, it's time to research on your assignments. Your research needs to give you the outline for each topic and the writing assignments. You also need to think about which of the assignments you will complete first. Then you need to find a resource book, which will provide you with a starting point for writing the examples.Once you've done your research, you should start writing your first fact paper. This can be a good way to get started as the information that you use will likely include a lot of information about the research you have done. The key here is to use this information to provide examples of your own writing, which will provide information that you can put into your examples.The next step is to analyze your examples to determine if there is a need to add extra information or replace some of the facts in your example. These details will be used to provide additional details in your examples. Also, remember that you will need to use all of the facts and ideas in your examples to make a statement about your own writing skills.Your final step is to revise your examples, but you should make sure you use everything you have written to make a statement about your writing skills. This might mean choosing some parts that aren't the most relevant, but the rest of the information is what makes up the sample student compare and contrast in class essay. Reviewing your examples isn't going to give you much benefit, but simply writing an example is going to make a statement.Writing a sample student compare and contrast in class essay isn't difficult. It simply requires a bit of research, but it will allow you to become more organized and use your ideas in a way that will give you the right impression of yourself. If you follow this simple guide, you'll be able to write a very effective sample student compare and contrast in class essay.

The Purpose of Building a Portfolio Assessment

The Purpose of Building a Portfolio Assessment A portfolio assessment is a collection of student works that are associated with standards you are required to learn. This collection of work is often gathered over a long period of time to reflect what you have been taught as well as what you have learned. Each piece in the portfolio is selected because it is an authentic representation of what you have learned and is meant to demonstrate your current knowledge and skills. A portfolio by nature is a storybook capturing a students progression of learning as they move through the year. What Goes Into a Portfolio A portfolio can include classwork, artistic pieces, photographs, and a variety of other media all demonstrating the concepts that you have mastered. Each item that is selected to go in the portfolio is chosen within the parameters of the purpose of the portfolio itself. Many teachers require their students to write a reflection that correlates with each piece in the portfolio. This practice is advantageous for the student as they self-assess their work and may set goals to improve. Finally, the reflection helps reinforce the concept for the student and it provides some clarity for anyone reviewing the portfolio. Ultimately, the most authentic portfolios are built when the teacher and student work collaboratively to decide which pieces should be included to demonstrate mastery of a specific learning objective. The Purpose of Developing a Portfolio A portfolio assessment is often deemed an authentic form of assessment because it includes authentic samples of a students work.  Many advocates of the portfolio assessment argue that this makes it a superior assessment tool because it is demonstrates learning and growth over an extended period of time. They believe it is more indicative of what a students true abilities especially when you compare it to a standardized test that provides a snapshot of what a student can do on a particular day. Ultimately, the teacher guiding the portfolio process helps determine the purpose of the final portfolio. The portfolio may be used to show growth over time, it may be used to promote a students abilities, or it may be used to evaluate a students learning within a specific course. Its purpose may also be a combination of all three areas. The Pros of Using a Portfolio Assessment A portfolio assessment demonstrates learning over the course of time rather than what a student knows a particular day.A portfolio assessment provides an opportunity for a student to reflect on their learning, to self assess, and to formulate a deeper understanding of the concepts they are learning beyond a simple surface explanation.A portfolio assessment requires a great level of individual interaction between the student and teacher wherein they are always collaborating about the requirements and components going into the portfolio.   The Cons of Using a Portfolio Assessment Developing and assessing a portfolio is time-consuming. It takes a lot of effort from both the teacher and the student and is a demanding endeavor in which you can quickly fall behind.Portfolio assessments are very subjective in nature. Even if the teacher utilizes a rubric, the individualized nature of a portfolio makes it difficult to remain objective and stick to the rubric. Two students working on the same learning standard may have two totally different approaches thus learning may not be the same.

Debate] about should voters approve some particular measure that Essay

Debate] about should voters approve some particular measure that allows some state or county to regulate legalized prostitution - Essay Example The first group is represented by proponents of the so-called proposition K (a measure to decriminalize prostitution) who also agree on the necessity of legalization and subsequent regulation. The members of this group suggest a variety of measures that would help regulate prostitution as a legalized business in the United States. The second group is represented by the opponents to the Proposition K and to legalization of prostitution in the United States. For this group, the question of the prostitution regulation by law does not exist as they oppose the very idea of its decriminalization and legalization of â€Å"the world’s oldest profession† (Armentano, â€Å"The Case for Legalized Prostitution†). This paper explores the arguments of both groups using the Toulmin model and provides a justified perspective on the issue. Firstly, the rhetorical situation is considered as the phenomenon of prostitution is discussed in the context of modern American society and i ts status. Next, the arguments of each side are analyzed with the help of the Toulmin model, which will help to reveal the common backing. Further, the author’s perspective on the issue will be discussed. ... In addition, it is alleged that the illegal status of prostitution has prevented women from working in safe conditions and urged them to work in the streets. Also, illegal prostitution, which is deemed a misdemeanor, incurs millions of tax dollars to be spent on investigation and prosecution of this criminal offense. To illustrate, statistic data show that Los Angeles spends around 100 million dollars a year to deal with prostitution (Armentano, â€Å"The Case for Legalized Prostitution†). Besides, it was estimated that nearly a half of illegal prostitutes in New York City and Washington D.C. were HIV-positive back in the 1990s (Armentano, â€Å"The Case for Legalized Prostitution†). Proponents of prostitution legalization and regulation warrant that legalization and regulation of prostitution is beneficial in many ways. They back their statement by saying that legalized brothels, with strict regulation by the state, in combination with severe penalties for the so-calle d johns that seek sex in the streets, will prevent human trafficking, spread of infections, and victimization of prostitutes (Lee & Persson 1). While it can be said that prostitution is a morally challenging occupation that promotes the decay of norms and values in the society and does not deserve decriminalization and legalization, it remains a fact that to use the services of sex workers or not is a personal choice of each of us. In addition, some people oppose the idea that legalized and regulated prostitution will help reduce victimization of prostitutes pointing out that the black market will still exist and keep recruiting girls from poor nations, the fraction of involuntary prostitutes as

Discuss the definition of terrorism and the two major types of Essay

Discuss the definition of terrorism and the two major types of terrorism outlined in our textbook - Essay Example According to Schmalleger, terrorism can be mainly divided into two types, namely domestic terrorism and international terrorism (Schmalleger). According to the Unites States Department of Justice domestic terrorism is â€Å"The unlawful use of force or violence, committed by a group(s) of two or more individuals, against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.† (Presley). Terrorism which is practiced in one’s own country against own people is known as domestic terrorism (Domestic Terrorism). This type of terrorism takes place through groups or individuals operating entirely within the U.S. aiming to influence the U.S. government or population to affect political or social amendment by conducting criminal action (Maehr). The activities of international terrorists on the other hand cross national boundaries. The distinction between domestic and internationa l terrorism does not refer to where the terrorist act takes place (Emergency Training: Terrorism). Instead, it refers to the origin of the individuals or groups responsible for it (Emergency Training: Terrorism). On April 30, 2001, the US State Department agreed that the distinction between domestic and international terrorism was getting blurred (Raman). It goes without saying that there is hardly any terrorist organization in today’s world which does not have international networking (Raman). â€Å"Sometimes the networking is with the diasporas; sometimes with like-minded terrorist groups or non-State actors or mercenaries in other countries; sometimes with State actors, who want to use them to achieve their own strategic objectives (Raman). Domestic terrorism is considered as a crime which should be treated as a criminal matter whereas international terrorism is both a crime and a matter